'food and cosmetics stabilizer'

The Young Modules Apparatus, standard size with an iron rod, is a laboratory instrument designed to measure the Young's modulus of iron. It consists of an iron rod securely mounted on a frame, equipped with a scale and weights to apply varied tensile forces. The device measures the elongation of the iron rod under different loads, enabling calculation of the material's stiffness and elasticity. The apparatus is precise and durable, ideal for educational and research applications in material science to study stress-strain relationships of iron

The Young Modules Apparatus, standard size and made of brass, is a laboratory instrument used to determine the Young's modulus of a material, which measures its stiffness. The apparatus typically consists of a brass rod fixed at one end, with a scale and weights to apply tensile force. The elongation of the rod under different weights is measured accurately to calculate the modulus. It demonstrates the relationship between stress and strain in materials, essential for material science and engineering education and research. The apparatus is durable and precisely calibrated for reliable experimental results

The Wheel and Axle is a classic simple machine consisting of a large wheel rigidly connected to a smaller cylindrical axle. When the wheel turns, the axle rotates simultaneously, allowing the transfer of force and motion. This apparatus is commonly used to magnify force or distance, making tasks easier by reducing effort. The wheel and axle device finds applications in various mechanical systems such as gears, pulleys, and steering mechanisms. Typically mounted on a sturdy support base, this educational model demonstrates fundamental mechanical advantage principles in physics and engineering

Whatman® Original Filter Paper is a high-quality cellulose-based filtration product widely used in laboratories for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Known for its consistent performance, it offers various grades tailored for different applications, including routine filtration, analytical separations, soil analysis, and food testing. The filter papers feature exceptional particle retention, flow rate, and purity while maintaining strength wet or dry. They are suitable for diverse scientific fields such as biology, chemistry, molecular biology, and environmental studies. Available in multiple formats and sizes, Whatman filters ensure precise and reliable separation of solids from liquids, making them essential for analytical and research purposes. The generated image depicts a range of Whatman original filter papers in typical laboratory presentation

A Voltaic Cell, also known as a Galvanic Cell, is an electrochemical device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy through spontaneous redox (oxidation-reduction) reactions. It comprises two half-cells, each containing a metal electrode immersed in an electrolyte solution. These half-cells are connected by a salt bridge or porous barrier that allows ions to flow and maintain charge balance. Key components of a standard size complete voltaic cell include: Two metal electrodes: commonly copper (Cu) as the cathode and zinc (Zn) as the anode. Electrolyte solutions: generally 1 M solutions of Cu^2+ and Zn^2+ ions in separate compartments. Salt bridge: a tube filled with a neutral electrolyte that connects the two half-cells to complete the circuit. External wiring connecting the electrodes to allow electron flow. Working principle: Oxidation occurs at the anode (zinc electrode), releasing electrons and Zn^2+ ions into the solution. Reduction occurs at the cathode (copper electrode), where Cu^2+ ions gain electrons to form copper metal. Electrons flow through the external circuit from anode to cathode, generating electric current. Ion flow through the salt bridge maintains electrical neutrality in the solutions. The standard cell potential for a Zn-Cu voltaic cell is about 1.1 volts under standard conditions (1 M ion concentration, 25°C). Voltaic cells are fundamental to understanding batteries and electrochemical energy conversion. The generated image represents a classic voltaic cell setup with clear labeling of electrodes, electrolyte, and connection components

A hand-operated laboratory vacuum pump is a manually powered device used to create a partial vacuum for applications such as filtration, aspiration, and sample preparation when electrical power is unavailable or not desired. These pumps are typically compact and lightweight, consisting of a lever or bulb mechanism that the user pumps to evacuate air and create vacuum pressure. Key features include: Manual operation with a hand lever or bulb, allowing precise control of vacuum. Often equipped with a dual calibration vacuum gauge (in mm Hg and inches Hg) for monitoring vacuum pressure. Typical vacuum capacity ranges up to about 20-30 inches Hg (around 500-760 mm Hg). Comes complete with accessories such as clear tubing (usually around 60 cm with 6mm diameter), connectors, and adapters for laboratory glassware connection. Suitable for laboratory filtration and suction tasks even in field conditions without power. Economical, simple design for basic vacuum applications requiring portability and ease of use. These pumps are valuable in labs requiring temporary vacuum creation with no electrical source, enabling safe and controlled vacuum generation for experimental setups. The generated image depicts a typical hand-operated vacuum pump with valve and hose accessories for lab use

The metallic test tube holder with a wooden handle is a laboratory apparatus used to grip test tubes firmly, especially while heating. Its design typically includes a metal gripping part, often made of steel or brass, combined with a wooden handle to ensure a comfortable and heat-resistant grip. This handle material prevents heat conduction to the user’s hand, making it safe to hold hot test tubes. Specifications commonly include: Jaw opening around 22 mm to hold different test tube diameters. Length around 18.5 to 32 cm, depending on the model. The metal part is usually chrome plated or brass for durability. The wooden handle is polished or untreated, designed for effective grip and heat insulation. These holders are essential in chemistry and biology labs for handling hot or reactive substances safely during experiments.

It typically consists of a slotted rotating disc mounted on a handle. The operator manually rotates the disc to produce flashes of light at adjustable intervals, which visually “freeze” the motion of rotating or vibrating objects. Used for studying mechanical movements, rotations, and vibrations in engineering and physics labs. The slotted disc interrupts a light source, creating the strobe effect. Features Simple, low-cost design requiring no electrical power source. Portable and easy to use in field or lab conditions. Effective for measuring rotational speed and analyzing motion of machinery, fans, and other cyclic equipment. Good teaching tool for demonstrating wave and motion phenomena. Usage Common in educational labs for visualizing high-speed motion. Instrumental in diagnosing mechanical faults in rotating equipment without stopping the machine. Used in physics and engineering experiments for motion analysis. This device enhances observation and analysis of fast or repetitive mechanical motions by synchronizing light flashes with object movement, creating clear visual snapshots.

Description It consists of a round glass container that holds liquid fuel such as ethanol, methanol, or denatured alcohol. The glass body is transparent, allowing easy monitoring of fuel levels. A wick protrudes from a narrow opening at the top, which absorbs the fuel and is ignited to produce the flame. The lamp includes a removable lid that acts as a snuffer to safely extinguish the flame and prevent fuel evaporation when not in use. Features and Specifications Typically, these lamps have a capacity ranging from about 120 ml to 250 ml. They produce a flame that is hot enough for common laboratory tasks but cooler than a Bunsen burner, making them safer for general use. The lamp is portable and easy to handle with good fuel efficiency. Glass construction offers clarity but requires careful handling to avoid breakage. Used widely in biological, chemical, and medical laboratories for heating small vessels, sterilizing instruments, and performing simple reactions. Applications Popular in educational and research settings for controlled heat applications. Ideal for flame sterilization, heating small instruments or test tubes, and conducting flame tests. Used where gas burners are not available or practical. This type of spirit lamp balances safety, ease of use, and functionality, making it a laboratory staple.